5月31日，三孩生育政策的“出炉”后，辅助生殖技术又成为了讨论热门！业内分析认为，三孩生育政策放开有望带来更多传统意义上的高龄孕龄人群加入到备孕大军中，从而为辅助生殖行业带来更多需求。
生育率下滑的主要原因有育龄妇女人数减少、生育时间推迟和生育养育成本提高等，同时体现的数据还有女性的平均生育年龄一延再延。从生理上看，生育时间的推迟，会提升不孕不育的概率，从而提升辅助生殖行业的需求。
辅助生殖指采用医疗辅助手段帮助不孕不育夫妇妊娠，其中包括人工授精、配子移植、试管婴儿等。但这些治疗技术可能都面临着反复的试验，接受治疗的群体常常要经受较为艰辛的疗程。大家熟知的演员张庭自爆自己做了9次试管婴儿，扎了成百上千针，才辛苦诞下孩子。
还有一些患者，自身可能并不具备接受试管婴儿的治疗条件，比如子宫内膜至少需要在6-7mm厚时才能够具备试管婴儿的胚胎生长条件。但一些患者可能会因原发（先天功能不完整）或继发性（接受过刮宫或者因为炎症导致内膜病变有疮疤甚至粘连）的病变导致子宫内环境不适宜胚胎发育，此时就需要进行治疗干预。
原发或继发性不孕或者反复的试管婴儿失败、更年期综合征等都在干细胞治疗不孕不育的适应症范围内，之前就有央视等媒体对此进行过报道。
干细胞的来源主要有以下几种：
围产期干细胞
自体骨髓干细胞
自体子宫内膜干细胞
自体脂肪干细胞
自体外周血造血干细胞
这几种来源的干细胞各有各的优势，围产期干细胞包括脐带间充质干细胞和胎盘羊膜或蜕膜间充质干细胞，它的特点是分化能力强，可增殖培育的空间更大，更为纯净。而另外几种自体来源的干细胞，尤其是脂肪干细胞或外周血造血干细胞，具有数量充足，采集受时间限制小，无排斥反应等特点。
干细胞治疗不孕不育的作用机制：
1.干细胞具有归巢效应，可以准确到达受损部位。
2.干细胞再生分化能力，可以促进卵巢组织或子宫内膜等受损部位修复。
3.旁分泌机制，分泌干细胞生长因子等物质，调节微环境，抑制细胞凋亡。
干细胞的临床应用不仅可以用于修复子宫内膜，还可以直接作用于卵巢。早在2018年，我国迎来了干细胞治疗卵巢早衰临床试验诞生的首个健康宝宝。
据兴业证券测算，我国辅助生殖市场发展前景广阔。国内目前有约4880万对不孕不育夫妇。随着人们对不孕不育的治疗态度越来越积极，以及消费理念的升级。未来国内辅助生殖市场前景广阔，预计未来5年将以11.2%年复合增速快速增长。相信干细胞治疗不孕不育等新的技术可以更好更快的帮助解决渴望子女家庭的生育痛点。
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